Files
windows-user-space-emulator/src/analyzer/analysis.cpp
2025-06-07 14:20:19 +02:00

277 lines
11 KiB
C++

#include "std_include.hpp"
#include "analysis.hpp"
#include "windows_emulator.hpp"
#include <utils/lazy_object.hpp>
#ifdef OS_EMSCRIPTEN
#include <event_handler.hpp>
#endif
#define STR_VIEW_VA(str) static_cast<int>((str).size()), (str).data()
namespace
{
template <typename Return, typename... Args>
std::function<Return(Args...)> make_callback(analysis_context& c, Return (*callback)(analysis_context&, Args...))
{
return [&c, callback](Args... args) {
return callback(c, std::forward<Args>(args)...); //
};
}
template <typename Return, typename... Args>
std::function<Return(Args...)> make_callback(analysis_context& c,
Return (*callback)(const analysis_context&, Args...))
{
return [&c, callback](Args... args) {
return callback(c, std::forward<Args>(args)...); //
};
}
void handle_suspicious_activity(const analysis_context& c, const std::string_view details)
{
const auto rip = c.win_emu->emu().read_instruction_pointer();
c.win_emu->log.print(color::pink, "Suspicious: %.*s at 0x%" PRIx64 " (via 0x%" PRIx64 ")\n",
STR_VIEW_VA(details), rip, c.win_emu->process.previous_ip);
}
void handle_generic_activity(const analysis_context& c, const std::string_view details)
{
c.win_emu->log.print(color::dark_gray, "%.*s\n", STR_VIEW_VA(details));
}
void handle_generic_access(const analysis_context& c, const std::string_view type, const std::u16string_view name)
{
c.win_emu->log.print(color::dark_gray, "--> %.*s: %s\n", STR_VIEW_VA(type), u16_to_u8(name).c_str()); //
}
void handle_memory_allocate(const analysis_context& c, const uint64_t address, const uint64_t length,
const memory_permission permission, const bool commit)
{
const auto* action = commit ? "Committed" : "Allocated";
c.win_emu->log.print(is_executable(permission) ? color::gray : color::dark_gray,
"--> %s 0x%" PRIx64 " - 0x%" PRIx64 " (%s)\n", action, address, address + length,
get_permission_string(permission).c_str());
}
void handle_memory_protect(const analysis_context& c, const uint64_t address, const uint64_t length,
const memory_permission permission)
{
c.win_emu->log.print(color::dark_gray, "--> Changing protection at 0x%" PRIx64 "-0x%" PRIx64 " to %s\n",
address, address + length, get_permission_string(permission).c_str());
}
void handle_memory_violate(const analysis_context& c, const uint64_t address, const uint64_t size,
const memory_operation operation, const memory_violation_type type)
{
const auto permission = get_permission_string(operation);
const auto ip = c.win_emu->emu().read_instruction_pointer();
const char* name = c.win_emu->mod_manager.find_name(ip);
if (type == memory_violation_type::protection)
{
c.win_emu->log.print(color::gray,
"Protection violation: 0x%" PRIx64 " (%" PRIx64 ") - %s at 0x%" PRIx64 " (%s)\n",
address, size, permission.c_str(), ip, name);
}
else if (type == memory_violation_type::unmapped)
{
c.win_emu->log.print(color::gray,
"Mapping violation: 0x%" PRIx64 " (%" PRIx64 ") - %s at 0x%" PRIx64 " (%s)\n", address,
size, permission.c_str(), ip, name);
}
}
void handle_ioctrl(const analysis_context& c, const io_device&, const std::u16string_view device_name,
const ULONG code)
{
c.win_emu->log.print(color::dark_gray, "--> %s: 0x%X\n", u16_to_u8(device_name).c_str(),
static_cast<uint32_t>(code));
}
void handle_thread_set_name(const analysis_context& c, const emulator_thread& t)
{
c.win_emu->log.print(color::blue, "Setting thread (%d) name: %s\n", t.id, u16_to_u8(t.name).c_str());
}
void handle_thread_switch(const analysis_context& c, const emulator_thread& current_thread,
const emulator_thread& new_thread)
{
c.win_emu->log.print(color::dark_gray, "Performing thread switch: %X -> %X\n", current_thread.id,
new_thread.id);
}
void handle_module_load(const analysis_context& c, const mapped_module& mod)
{
c.win_emu->log.log("Mapped %s at 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", mod.path.generic_string().c_str(), mod.image_base);
}
void handle_module_unload(const analysis_context& c, const mapped_module& mod)
{
c.win_emu->log.log("Unmapping %s (0x%" PRIx64 ")\n", mod.path.generic_string().c_str(), mod.image_base);
}
void handle_instruction(analysis_context& c, const uint64_t address)
{
auto& win_emu = *c.win_emu;
#ifdef OS_EMSCRIPTEN
if ((win_emu.get_executed_instructions() % 0x20000 == 0)
{
debugger::event_context ec{.win_emu = win_emu};
debugger::handle_events(ec);
}
#endif
const auto is_main_exe = win_emu.mod_manager.executable->is_within(address);
const auto is_previous_main_exe = win_emu.mod_manager.executable->is_within(c.win_emu->process.previous_ip);
const auto binary = utils::make_lazy([&] {
if (is_main_exe)
{
return win_emu.mod_manager.executable;
}
return win_emu.mod_manager.find_by_address(address); //
});
const auto previous_binary = utils::make_lazy([&] {
if (is_previous_main_exe)
{
return win_emu.mod_manager.executable;
}
return win_emu.mod_manager.find_by_address(win_emu.process.previous_ip); //
});
const auto is_in_interesting_module = [&] {
if (c.settings->modules.empty())
{
return false;
}
return (binary && c.settings->modules.contains(binary->name)) ||
(previous_binary && c.settings->modules.contains(previous_binary->name));
};
const auto is_interesting_call = is_previous_main_exe //
|| is_main_exe //
|| is_in_interesting_module();
if (!c.has_reached_main && c.settings->concise_logging && !c.settings->silent && is_main_exe)
{
c.has_reached_main = true;
win_emu.log.disable_output(false);
}
if ((!c.settings->verbose_logging && !is_interesting_call) || !binary)
{
return;
}
const auto export_entry = binary->address_names.find(address);
if (export_entry != binary->address_names.end() &&
!c.settings->ignored_functions.contains(export_entry->second))
{
const auto rsp = win_emu.emu().read_stack_pointer();
uint64_t return_address{};
win_emu.emu().try_read_memory(rsp, &return_address, sizeof(return_address));
const auto* mod_name = win_emu.mod_manager.find_name(return_address);
win_emu.log.print(is_interesting_call ? color::yellow : color::dark_gray,
"Executing function: %s - %s (0x%" PRIx64 ") via (0x%" PRIx64 ") %s\n",
binary->name.c_str(), export_entry->second.c_str(), address, return_address, mod_name);
}
else if (address == binary->entry_point)
{
win_emu.log.print(is_interesting_call ? color::yellow : color::gray,
"Executing entry point: %s (0x%" PRIx64 ")\n", binary->name.c_str(), address);
}
}
emulator_callbacks::continuation handle_syscall(const analysis_context& c, const uint32_t syscall_id,
const std::string_view syscall_name)
{
auto& win_emu = *c.win_emu;
auto& emu = win_emu.emu();
const auto address = emu.read_instruction_pointer();
const auto* mod = win_emu.mod_manager.find_by_address(address);
const auto is_sus_module = mod != win_emu.mod_manager.ntdll && mod != win_emu.mod_manager.win32u;
if (is_sus_module)
{
win_emu.log.print(color::blue, "Executing inline syscall: %.*s (0x%X) at 0x%" PRIx64 " (%s)\n",
STR_VIEW_VA(syscall_name), syscall_id, address, mod ? mod->name.c_str() : "<N/A>");
}
else if (mod->is_within(win_emu.process.previous_ip))
{
const auto rsp = emu.read_stack_pointer();
uint64_t return_address{};
emu.try_read_memory(rsp, &return_address, sizeof(return_address));
const auto* caller_mod_name = win_emu.mod_manager.find_name(return_address);
win_emu.log.print(color::dark_gray,
"Executing syscall: %.*s (0x%X) at 0x%" PRIx64 " via 0x%" PRIx64 " (%s)\n",
STR_VIEW_VA(syscall_name), syscall_id, address, return_address, caller_mod_name);
}
else
{
const auto* previous_mod = win_emu.mod_manager.find_by_address(win_emu.process.previous_ip);
win_emu.log.print(color::blue,
"Crafted out-of-line syscall: %.*s (0x%X) at 0x%" PRIx64 " (%s) via 0x%" PRIx64 " (%s)\n",
STR_VIEW_VA(syscall_name), syscall_id, address, mod ? mod->name.c_str() : "<N/A>",
win_emu.process.previous_ip, previous_mod ? previous_mod->name.c_str() : "<N/A>");
}
return instruction_hook_continuation::run_instruction;
}
void handle_stdout(analysis_context& c, const std::string_view data)
{
if (c.settings->silent)
{
(void)fwrite(data.data(), 1, data.size(), stdout);
}
else if (c.settings->buffer_stdout)
{
c.output.append(data);
}
else
{
c.win_emu->log.info("%.*s%s", static_cast<int>(data.size()), data.data(), data.ends_with("\n") ? "" : "\n");
}
}
}
void register_analysis_callbacks(analysis_context& c)
{
auto& cb = c.win_emu->callbacks;
cb.on_stdout = make_callback(c, handle_stdout);
cb.on_syscall = make_callback(c, handle_syscall);
cb.on_ioctrl = make_callback(c, handle_ioctrl);
cb.on_memory_protect = make_callback(c, handle_memory_protect);
cb.on_memory_violate = make_callback(c, handle_memory_violate);
cb.on_memory_allocate = make_callback(c, handle_memory_allocate);
cb.on_module_load = make_callback(c, handle_module_load);
cb.on_module_unload = make_callback(c, handle_module_unload);
cb.on_thread_switch = make_callback(c, handle_thread_switch);
cb.on_thread_set_name = make_callback(c, handle_thread_set_name);
cb.on_instruction = make_callback(c, handle_instruction);
cb.on_generic_access = make_callback(c, handle_generic_access);
cb.on_generic_activity = make_callback(c, handle_generic_activity);
cb.on_suspicious_activity = make_callback(c, handle_suspicious_activity);
}